In this article, we will see how to Insert, Update and Delete Records in a datagridview using C# Windows forms application. We will use SQL Server database to store data and retrieve data using SQL connection. This article provides step-by-step instructions to create a solution, database table, windows forms, and how to insert, update and delete records from SQL server database.

Let's start to create a windows forms application using Visual Studio (I have used Visual Studio 2019),

Step 1:

Open Visual Studio 2019  and select Windows Forms App (.Net Framework) and click "Next".

In the below screen, enter a project name and select location & Framework version,

Step 2:

Create a database named CarModelsDb and Add a table named tblCarDetails with the below columns. 

Step 3:

Create a new form and add controls like below, we will add the labels, text boxes, and buttons. Rename the text boxes like txtCarName, txtModel, and txtYear. Rename the buttons like btnInsert, btnUpdate, and btnDelete.

Step 4:

Add a connection string to connect the SQL Server database as shown below,

SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection("Data Source =localhost; Initial Catalog = CarModelsDb; User Id =sa; Password=sa;");

Add the PopulateData method to get the data from the database and populate it in the data grid view.

private void PopulateData()
{
	con.Open();
	DataTable dt = new DataTable();
	adapt = new SqlDataAdapter("select * from tblCarDetails", con);
	adapt.Fill(dt);
	dgvCars.DataSource = dt;
	con.Close();
}

The below code is used to read the values from the text box and insert them into the database table tblCarDetails.

// Insert the values to the database
private void btnInsert_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
	if (txtCarName.Text != "" && txtModel.Text != "" && txtYear.Text != "")
	{
		cmd = new SqlCommand("insert into tblCarDetails(Name,Model,Year) values(@name,@model,@year)", con);
		con.Open();
		cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@name", txtCarName.Text);
		cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@model", txtModel.Text);
		cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@year", txtYear.Text);
		cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
		con.Close();
		MessageBox.Show("Car Details Inserted Successfully");
		PopulateData();
		ClearControls();
	}
	else
	{
		MessageBox.Show("Please enter mandatory details!");
	}
}

The below code is used to read the values from the text box and update them into the database table tblCarDetails.

// Update values to database
private void btnUpdate_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
	if (txtCarName.Text != "" && txtModel.Text != "" && txtYear.Text != "")
	{
		cmd = new SqlCommand("update tblCarDetails set [email protected],[email protected],[email protected] where [email protected]", con);
		con.Open();
		cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Id", carId);
		cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@name", txtCarName.Text);
		cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@model", txtModel.Text);
		cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@year", txtYear.Text);
		cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
		con.Close();
		MessageBox.Show("Car Details Updated Successfully");
		PopulateData();
		ClearControls();
	}
	else
	{
		MessageBox.Show("Please enter mandatory details!");
	}        
}

The below code is used to delete the selected row or record from the database.

// Delete data from database
private void btnDelete_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
	if (carId != 0)
	{
		cmd = new SqlCommand("delete tblCarDetails where [email protected]", con);
		con.Open();
		cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@id", carId);
		cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
		con.Close();
		MessageBox.Show("Car Deleted Successfully!");
		PopulateData();
		ClearControls();
	}
	else
	{
		MessageBox.Show("Please select record to delete");
	}
}

The dgvCars_RowHeaderMouseClick event will be triggered when we select the row in the data grid view. Below code is used to assigned the selected values into the text box to see them in the controls.

// Get selected records from grid view
private void dgvCars_RowHeaderMouseClick(object sender, DataGridViewCellMouseEventArgs e)
{
	carId = Convert.ToInt32(dgvCars.Rows[e.RowIndex].Cells[0].Value.ToString());
	txtCarName.Text = dgvCars.Rows[e.RowIndex].Cells[1].Value.ToString();
	txtModel.Text = dgvCars.Rows[e.RowIndex].Cells[2].Value.ToString();
	txtYear.Text = dgvCars.Rows[e.RowIndex].Cells[3].Value.ToString();
}

Screenshots:

Insert Record into the database:

Update Record into the database:

Delete record from the database:

You can also see this article for more details about CRUD operations in the C# Windows application,

Create a Simple Windows Application In C# (CRUD Operation)